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As you partially note, banks are required to keep reserves that are intended to cover withdrawals. These reserves plus cash on hand are usually enough to cover the bank's needs for any one day. In addition, banks have the ability to borrow from other banks or the Fed should a short-term need arise. In the event of a bank run which would place a strain on these reserves, banks also have the ability to require depositors to wait up to 60 days for their withdrawal. By invoking this requirement, banks can make arrangements to boost reserves (through additional borrowing) plus not re-lend payment son monies lent (people make payments a little every month which would provide some additional liquidity).

A structured settlement is a financial or insurance arrangement, including periodic payments, that a claimant accepts to resolve a personal injury tort claim or to compromise a statutory periodic payment obligation